Topic outline

  • General

  • L'aménagement du territoire. Objectifs et enjeux

    • Land planning, also known as land-use planning, is the process of regulating the use of land by a central authority, such as a government. It is a technical, political, and social process that guides the long-term use and development of land to balance economic, social, environmental, and cultural needs. The goal is to create equitable, efficient, and sustainable environments for both present and future generations.

      Primary objectives of land planning
      • Encourage sustainable development: Promote economic growth while protecting natural resources, preserving ecosystems, and minimizing the environmental impact of development.
      • Balance conflicting needs: Harmonize competing demands for land use from different sectors, such as industry, agriculture, housing, and recreation, while safeguarding natural resources like water and forests.
      • Prevent urban sprawl: Restrain uncontrolled and haphazard development in peri-urban areas that can lead to dense, unsustainable growth.
      • Improve quality of life: Ensure fair access to essential services, housing, and transportation, and create attractive, livable environments for communities.
      • Mitigate risks: Anticipate and prepare for natural and technological hazards by identifying risk-prone areas and implementing measures to limit exposure.
      • Enhance economic vitality: Optimize the location of businesses and invest in infrastructure to support local and regional economies.
    • Tools and scales of land planning
      Land planning is implemented through various tools at different scales, often using a "bottom-up" approach where local plans inform regional and national strategies. 
      • National and regional level:
        • National and regional strategies: High-level policy frameworks that define long-term goals and resource allocation for land use across a country or region.
        • Strategic environmental assessments (SEAs): Regulatory instruments that evaluate the environmental effects of plans and policies.
      • Local level:
        • Zoning ordinances: Regulations that divide land into different zones (e.g., residential, commercial, industrial) to control allowed activities and building requirements.
        • Master plans: Comprehensive, strategic documents that guide development for specific sites, managing future growth and promoting efficient land use.
        • Geographic information systems (GIS): Technology used to analyze spatial data and visualize land parcels, topography, and other information to aid in decision-making. 

  • Cours 2-3-4

  • TD 01 Analyse SWOT